Have you ever noticed how the deities we worship have multiple names, each revealing a different aspect of their divinity? Lord Jagannath, the beloved deity of Puri, is no exception—many names of Lord Jagannath reflect his grandeur, kindness, and mysterious ways of blessing his devotees.
Growing up in Odia tradition, the name ‘Jagannath’ was always around me. But it wasn’t until I visited the grand Rath Yatra in Puri that I realized how deeply woven his different names are into our culture, emotions, and faith. Let’s take a walk through some of these names and their meanings, shall we?
The Divine Names and Their Meanings
Each name of Lord Jagannath carries a deep spiritual significance, reflecting different aspects of his divine presence.
1. Jagannath – The Lord of the Universe
The most well-known name, Jagannath, comes from Sanskrit: ‘Jagat’ (universe) and ‘Nath’ (lord). This name signifies his omnipresence—he is not just a deity of one land or one people but of the entire cosmos.
Every year, when he steps out of his sanctum during the Rath Yatra, millions of devotees pull the massive chariots, crying out his name. The energy, the devotion—it’s as if the entire universe moves with him. The sight of the enormous, elaborately decorated chariot rolling down the streets, amidst the sea of saffron-clad devotees, is a spectacle unlike any other.
2. Patita Pavana – The Savior of the Fallen
There’s a special idol of Lord Jagannath at the Singhadwara (Lion’s Gate) of the Puri temple called Patita Pavana, meant for those who aren’t allowed inside the temple. This name embodies his unconditional love—he belongs to everyone, irrespective of caste, creed, or status.
Once, I met an elderly woman outside the temple who had traveled from Tamil Nadu just to get a glimpse of Patita Pavana because she wasn’t allowed inside. With tears in her eyes, she said, “Even if I can’t step into the temple, my Lord sees me. That’s enough.”
This concept of divine inclusivity is what makes Lord Jagannath stand apart. His embrace is not limited to those who follow traditions; rather, it extends to all those who seek his refuge.
3. Chakanayana – The Large-Eyed One
Jagannath’s iconic round eyes have always fascinated me. Unlike other Hindu deities, he doesn’t have eyelids. His name Chakanayana (Chaka meaning round, Nayana meaning eyes) reminds us that he watches over us endlessly—without blinking, without resting.
As a child, my grandmother used to say, “You may forget him, but he never takes his eyes off you.” That thought has comforted me in many difficult times. When we face challenges and feel alone, it is reassuring to remember that the ever-watchful Lord is looking out for us, guiding our journey in unseen ways.
4. Daru Brahma – The Divine Wood
This name is unique to Lord Jagannath because he is worshipped in a wooden form. Every 12-19 years, a sacred ritual called Nabakalebara is performed where new idols are carved from a special Neem tree. This reminds us that while the form may change, the divinity remains eternal.
Imagine this: a deity who accepts change, who allows his physical body to be renewed while remaining the same at heart. Isn’t that a beautiful metaphor for life?
During Nabakalebara, the selection of the divine Neem trees, the secret midnight transfer of the old idols, and the ceremonial installation of the new ones all evoke a deep sense of wonder. It is a time of emotional intensity for devotees, as they bid farewell to one form of Jagannath while welcoming another.
5. Nilachala Natha – The Lord of the Blue Mountain
Puri is often called Nilachala (Blue Mountain). This name links him to the divine geography of India, just like Vishnu is associated with Vaikuntha and Shiva with Kailash. The sight of the towering Jagannath Temple from afar fills devotees with awe.
A friend once told me that no matter where she is, seeing the Nilachakra (the temple’s sacred wheel) atop the temple makes her feel at home. That’s the power of Nilachala Natha!
6. Bada Thakura – The Grand Lord
In Odisha, Jagannath is often lovingly called Bada Thakura (The Great Lord). Unlike formal Sanskrit names, this is a name that shows intimacy, the way a child calls out to a father or an elder brother.
I remember my uncle, who was struggling with his business, once saying, “Bada Thakura sabu dekhiba” (Jagannath will take care of everything). This name reminds us that faith isn’t just about rituals; it’s about a personal connection with the divine.
7. Kripasindhu – The Ocean of Mercy
A name that resonates with every devotee who has ever turned to him in distress. No matter how lost you feel, Jagannath’s mercy knows no bounds. Kripasindhu means the boundless ocean of compassion.
During the Rath Yatra, there’s a moment when the King of Puri, Gajapati Maharaj, sweeps the road in front of Lord Jagannath’s chariot. It’s a powerful reminder that in his eyes, all are equal—the king, the commoner, the saint, the sinner.
8. Hari – The All-Encompassing Lord
Though Jagannath is an incarnation of Vishnu, he is often simply called Hari. This name connects him to the broader tradition of Vaishnavism, linking him with Krishna and Ram.
Ever noticed how devotees at the temple often chant “Hari Bol”? It’s a simple yet profound way to feel his presence. Try saying it out loud—it has a rhythm, a joy of its own!
Read more: Why Devotees of Jagannath at the Temple Often Chant “Hari Bol”
A Name for Every Heart
Lord Jagannath isn’t just one name, one form, or one belief. He is everything—he is for the devotee who seeks grandeur, for the outcast looking for hope, for the child seeking love, and for the philosopher searching for the eternal truth.
No matter which name you call him by, he listens. After all, isn’t that what a loving lord does?
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Which of these names speaks to your heart the most? Share your thoughts in the comments!
FAQs
1. Why does Lord Jagannath have such large round eyes?
Lord Jagannath’s large, round eyes symbolize his eternal watchfulness. Unlike other deities, he does not have eyelids, representing his ever-vigilant nature, always keeping an eye on his devotees.
2. What is the significance of the Rath Yatra?
The Rath Yatra, or Chariot Festival, signifies Lord Jagannath’s annual visit to his devotees. It represents his love for humanity, as he steps out of the temple to bless all, including those who cannot enter the temple premises.
3. Why is Lord Jagannath worshipped in a wooden form?
Unlike stone or metal idols, Lord Jagannath is worshipped in a wooden form to symbolize impermanence and renewal. Every few years, during Nabakalebara, his idol is replaced with a new one, emphasizing the cycle of life and eternity of the divine.
4. Can people from all religions worship Lord Jagannath?
Yes, Lord Jagannath is considered the universal god, and his temple in Puri is one of the few where devotees from different faiths gather outside to offer prayers. His name Patita Pavana symbolizes his acceptance of all devotees.
